Atlas of Animal Anatomy and Histology
Birds (Aves)
Mounted skeleton of the chicken (Gallus domesticus)
The skeleton of the little crake (Porzana parva) after selective staining
Ventral view of juvenile chicken
The forelimb of the birds is modified to a wing
The contour feathers are large feathers which sheath the body as well as the wings and tail
A down feather looks fluffy because of the lack of rachis and hooks on barbules
The preen gland is the only gland in a bird’s skin
Histological sections of the skin and the preen gland (left: Azan, right: HE)
The leg of a chicken
The perching mechanism of the leg of a chicken
The head of a chicken
The nictitating membrane moves perpendicular to the eyelids
The roof of the oral cavity
The floor of the oral cavity
Inner structures of the neck. Note the right jugular vein is wider than the left
Lobes of the thymus, the thyroid gland and tracheal muscles in the neck region of the chicken
Two overlapping syrinx muscles: lateral trachea muscles and tracheo-hyoid muscles
The large superficial pectoral muscle. The edge of the keel is covered by adipose tissue
The two major pectoral muscles responsible for wing movement
Pectoral muscle inserts on the proximal lateral surface of the humerus
The coelomic cavity revealed by opening the abdominal wall. (Anterior end is to the left.)
The lifted sternum with anterior part still attached to the body
The anterior thoracic air sac behind the oblique septum, ribs are visible through them
The position of oblique and horizontal septa on the two sides of the thoracic anterior air sac
The position of oblique and horizontal septa on the two sides of the thoracic anterior air sac
Histological section of the lung of a bird (HE)
Internal organs of the chicken
The large vessels leaving the heart from left to right
The branches of the subclavian artery and the brachial plexus. (Anterior end is to the left.)
Original position of the syrinx behind the large vessels leaving the heart
Frontal, longitudinal section of the syrinx
The large vessels leaving the heart from left to right
The organs of the abdominal cavity after complete removal of the abdominal wall
Organs of the anterior part of the alimentary canal
Lobes of the liver and the large gall bladder. (Anterior end is to the left.)
The loop of the duodenum with the pancreas
Bile and pancreatic juice enter the gut through several ducts at the border of duodenum and jejunum
The jejunum with the mesentery after reflecting the abdominal organs to the left
The vitelline cecum in the middle of the jejunum
The long paired colic caeca branching at the border of the small and the large intestine
Posterior part of the gut
The kidney with posterior part of the circulation
The isolated chicken’s heart with the large arteries
The walls of the two ventricles of the chicken’s heart are highly asymmetric
The muscular valve in the atrio-ventricular opening of the right half of the heart
The tricuspid valve in the atrio-ventricular opening of the left half of the heart
The three semilunar valves in the exit of the aorta
The position of the two parted stomach of the chicken among the neighbouring organs
The two parted stomach of the chicken slit open
Cross section slice of the wall of the proventriculus of the chicken (formalin fixed specimen)
Histological sections of the proventriculus of birds (HE)
Histological sections of the proventriculus of birds (HE)
Histological sections of the proventriculus of birds (HE)
Cross section slice of the wall of the gizzard of the chicken (formalin fixed specimen)
Histological section of the gizzard. PG: tubular proprial glands
Cross section slice of the wall of the duodenum and the pancreas of the chicken
Dorsal view of the brain of the chicken
Ventral view of the brain of the chicken
The special bird’s characteristics on the sagittal section of the eye